Joan of Arc examined by the Bishop of Winchester Percy Trompf A Blackfoot Indian on horseback

A Blackfoot Indian on horseback

Westminster Abbey and Hospital

The four spermatic vessels Plate 15 from Anatomy of the Human Body by William Cheselden FRS (London

The world's first steam railway opened on 15 September 1830

Joan of Arc examined by the Bishop of Winchester Percy Trompf A Blackfoot Indian on horsebackJoan of Arc examined by the Bishop of Winchester, 1431. Claiming divine inspiration, Joan of Arc persuaded Charles VII to declare himself King of France (at the time France was ruled by England under the terms of the Treaty of Troyes signed in 1420). Joan was captured by the English, tried as a heretic and executed and martyred in 1431, but Charles went on to regain all of France from the English, with the exception of Calais.